Pandas Profiling Report

Dataset statistics

Number of variables	14
Number of observations	3333
Missing cells	0
Missing cells (%)	0.0%
Duplicate rows	0
Duplicate rows (%)	0.0%
Total size in memory	364.7 KiB
Average record size in memory	112.0 B

Variable types

Numeric	12
Categorical	2

Alerts

`day_charge` is highly correlated with `total_charge`	High correlation
`total_charge` is highly correlated with `day_charge` and 1 other fields	High correlation
`churn` is highly correlated with `total_charge`	High correlation
`voice_mail_messages` has 2411 (72.3%) zeros	Zeros
`customer_service_calls` has 697 (20.9%) zeros	Zeros

Reproduction

Analysis started	2022-11-05 10:57:13.127100
Analysis finished	2022-11-05 10:57:54.337702
Duration	41.21 seconds
Software version	pandas-profiling v3.4.0
Download configuration	config.json

account_length
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	212
Distinct (%)	6.4%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	101.0648065

Minimum	1
Maximum	243
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	26.2 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	1
5-th percentile	35
Q1	74
median	101
Q3	127
95-th percentile	167
Maximum	243
Range	242
Interquartile range (IQR)	53

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	39.82210593
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.3940254508
Kurtosis	-0.1078359806
Mean	101.0648065
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	27
Skewness	0.09660629423
Sum	336849
Variance	1585.800121
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
105	43	1.3%
87	42	1.3%
101	40	1.2%
93	40	1.2%
90	39	1.2%
95	38	1.1%
86	38	1.1%
100	37	1.1%
116	37	1.1%
112	36	1.1%
Other values (202)	2943	88.3%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	8	0.2%
2	1	< 0.1%
3	5	0.2%
4	1	< 0.1%
5	1	< 0.1%
6	2	0.1%
7	2	0.1%
8	1	< 0.1%
9	3	0.1%
10	3	0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
243	1	< 0.1%
232	1	< 0.1%
225	2	0.1%
224	2	0.1%
221	1	< 0.1%
217	2	0.1%
215	1	< 0.1%
212	2	0.1%
210	2	0.1%
209	3	0.1%

voice_mail_messages
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

ZEROS

Distinct	46
Distinct (%)	1.4%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	8.099009901

Minimum	0
Maximum	51
Zeros	2411
Zeros (%)	72.3%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	26.2 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0
Q1	0
median	0
Q3	20
95-th percentile	36
Maximum	51
Range	51
Interquartile range (IQR)	20

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	13.68836537
Coefficient of variation (CV)	1.690128243
Kurtosis	-0.05112853879
Mean	8.099009901
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0
Skewness	1.264823634
Sum	26994
Variance	187.3713466
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=46)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	2411	72.3%
31	60	1.8%
29	53	1.6%
28	51	1.5%
33	46	1.4%
27	44	1.3%
30	44	1.3%
24	42	1.3%
26	41	1.2%
32	41	1.2%
Other values (36)	500	15.0%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	2411	72.3%
4	1	< 0.1%
8	2	0.1%
9	2	0.1%
10	1	< 0.1%
11	2	0.1%
12	6	0.2%
13	4	0.1%
14	7	0.2%
15	9	0.3%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
51	1	< 0.1%
50	2	0.1%
49	1	< 0.1%
48	2	0.1%
47	3	0.1%
46	4	0.1%
45	6	0.2%
44	7	0.2%
43	9	0.3%
42	15	0.5%

customer_service_calls
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

ZEROS

Distinct	10
Distinct (%)	0.3%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	1.562856286

Minimum	0
Maximum	9
Zeros	697
Zeros (%)	20.9%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	26.2 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0
Q1	1
median	1
Q3	2
95-th percentile	4
Maximum	9
Range	9
Interquartile range (IQR)	1

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	1.315491045
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.8417223368
Kurtosis	1.730913655
Mean	1.562856286
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	1
Skewness	1.091359482
Sum	5209
Variance	1.730516689
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=10)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	1181	35.4%
2	759	22.8%
0	697	20.9%
3	429	12.9%
4	166	5.0%
5	66	2.0%
6	22	0.7%
7	9	0.3%
9	2	0.1%
8	2	0.1%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	697	20.9%
1	1181	35.4%
2	759	22.8%
3	429	12.9%
4	166	5.0%
5	66	2.0%
6	22	0.7%
7	9	0.3%
8	2	0.1%
9	2	0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
9	2	0.1%
8	2	0.1%
7	9	0.3%
6	22	0.7%
5	66	2.0%
4	166	5.0%
3	429	12.9%
2	759	22.8%
1	1181	35.4%
0	697	20.9%

international_plan
Categorical

Distinct	2
Distinct (%)	0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	26.2 KiB

0	3010
1	323

Length

Max length	1
Median length	1
Mean length	1
Min length	1

Characters and Unicode

Total characters	3333
Distinct characters	2
Distinct categories	1 ?
Distinct scripts	1 ?
Distinct blocks	1 ?

The Unicode Standard assigns character properties to each code point, which can be used to analyse textual variables.

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Sample

1st row	0
2nd row	0
3rd row	0
4th row	1
5th row	1

Common Values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	3010	90.3%
1	323	9.7%

Length

Histogram of lengths of the category

Category Frequency Plot

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	3010	90.3%
1	323	9.7%

Most occurring characters

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	3010	90.3%
1	323	9.7%

Most occurring categories

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Decimal Number	3333	100.0%

Most frequent character per category

Decimal Number

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	3010	90.3%
1	323	9.7%

Most occurring scripts

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Common	3333	100.0%

Most frequent character per script

Common

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	3010	90.3%
1	323	9.7%

Most occurring blocks

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
ASCII	3333	100.0%

Most frequent character per block

ASCII

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	3010	90.3%
1	323	9.7%

day_calls
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	119
Distinct (%)	3.6%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	100.4356436

Minimum	0
Maximum	165
Zeros	2
Zeros (%)	0.1%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	26.2 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	67
Q1	87
median	101
Q3	114
95-th percentile	133
Maximum	165
Range	165
Interquartile range (IQR)	27

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	20.06908421
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.1998203376
Kurtosis	0.2431815246
Mean	100.4356436
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	13
Skewness	-0.111786639
Sum	334752
Variance	402.7681409
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
102	78	2.3%
105	75	2.3%
95	69	2.1%
107	69	2.1%
104	68	2.0%
108	67	2.0%
97	67	2.0%
106	66	2.0%
112	66	2.0%
110	66	2.0%
Other values (109)	2642	79.3%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	2	0.1%
30	1	< 0.1%
35	1	< 0.1%
36	1	< 0.1%
40	2	0.1%
42	2	0.1%
44	3	0.1%
45	3	0.1%
47	2	0.1%
48	3	0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
165	1	< 0.1%
163	1	< 0.1%
160	1	< 0.1%
158	3	0.1%
157	1	< 0.1%
156	1	< 0.1%
152	1	< 0.1%
151	5	0.2%
150	6	0.2%
149	1	< 0.1%

day_charge
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	1667
Distinct (%)	50.0%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	30.56230723

Minimum	0
Maximum	59.64
Zeros	2
Zeros (%)	0.1%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	26.2 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	15.288
Q1	24.43
median	30.5
Q3	36.79
95-th percentile	46.028
Maximum	59.64
Range	59.64
Interquartile range (IQR)	12.36

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	9.259434554
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.3029690947
Kurtosis	-0.01981178724
Mean	30.56230723
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	6.17
Skewness	-0.02908326834
Sum	101864.17
Variance	85.73712826
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
26.18	8	0.2%
27.12	8	0.2%
29.67	8	0.2%
31.18	7	0.2%
29.82	7	0.2%
27.59	7	0.2%
30.38	6	0.2%
33.12	6	0.2%
32.18	6	0.2%
24.87	6	0.2%
Other values (1657)	3264	97.9%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	2	0.1%
0.44	1	< 0.1%
1.33	1	< 0.1%
1.34	1	< 0.1%
2.13	1	< 0.1%
2.99	1	< 0.1%
3.21	1	< 0.1%
3.32	1	< 0.1%
4.4	1	< 0.1%
4.59	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
59.64	1	< 0.1%
58.96	1	< 0.1%
58.7	1	< 0.1%
57.36	1	< 0.1%
57.04	1	< 0.1%
56.83	1	< 0.1%
56.59	1	< 0.1%
56.07	1	< 0.1%
55.78	1	< 0.1%
55.51	1	< 0.1%

evening_calls
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	123
Distinct (%)	3.7%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	100.1143114

Minimum	0
Maximum	170
Zeros	1
Zeros (%)	< 0.1%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	26.2 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	67
Q1	87
median	100
Q3	114
95-th percentile	133
Maximum	170
Range	170
Interquartile range (IQR)	27

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	19.92262529
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.1989987746
Kurtosis	0.206156468
Mean	100.1143114
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	13
Skewness	-0.05556313904
Sum	333681
Variance	396.9109986
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
105	80	2.4%
94	79	2.4%
108	71	2.1%
102	70	2.1%
97	70	2.1%
88	69	2.1%
101	68	2.0%
109	67	2.0%
98	66	2.0%
111	65	2.0%
Other values (113)	2628	78.8%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	1	< 0.1%
12	1	< 0.1%
36	1	< 0.1%
37	1	< 0.1%
42	1	< 0.1%
43	1	< 0.1%
44	1	< 0.1%
45	1	< 0.1%
46	3	0.1%
48	6	0.2%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
170	1	< 0.1%
168	1	< 0.1%
164	1	< 0.1%
159	1	< 0.1%
157	1	< 0.1%
156	1	< 0.1%
155	3	0.1%
154	2	0.1%
153	1	< 0.1%
152	6	0.2%

evening_charge
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	1440
Distinct (%)	43.2%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	17.08354035

Minimum	0
Maximum	30.91
Zeros	1
Zeros (%)	< 0.1%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	26.2 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	10.1
Q1	14.16
median	17.12
Q3	20
95-th percentile	24.17
Maximum	30.91
Range	30.91
Interquartile range (IQR)	5.84

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	4.310667643
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.2523287067
Kurtosis	0.02548740481
Mean	17.08354035
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	2.92
Skewness	-0.02385798901
Sum	56939.44
Variance	18.58185553
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
14.25	11	0.3%
16.12	11	0.3%
15.9	10	0.3%
17.09	9	0.3%
18.62	9	0.3%
17.99	9	0.3%
14.44	9	0.3%
18.96	8	0.2%
16.35	8	0.2%
16.97	8	0.2%
Other values (1430)	3241	97.2%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	1	< 0.1%
2.65	1	< 0.1%
3.59	1	< 0.1%
3.61	1	< 0.1%
3.73	1	< 0.1%
4.09	1	< 0.1%
4.18	1	< 0.1%
4.5	1	< 0.1%
4.76	1	< 0.1%
4.98	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
30.91	1	< 0.1%
30.75	1	< 0.1%
30.11	1	< 0.1%
29.89	1	< 0.1%
29.83	1	< 0.1%
29.79	1	< 0.1%
29.62	1	< 0.1%
29.52	1	< 0.1%
29.01	1	< 0.1%
28.89	1	< 0.1%

night_calls
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	120
Distinct (%)	3.6%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	100.1077108

Minimum	33
Maximum	175
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	26.2 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	33
5-th percentile	68
Q1	87
median	100
Q3	113
95-th percentile	132
Maximum	175
Range	142
Interquartile range (IQR)	26

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	19.56860935
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.1954755452
Kurtosis	-0.07201957894
Mean	100.1077108
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	13
Skewness	0.03249957015
Sum	333659
Variance	382.9304717
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
105	84	2.5%
104	78	2.3%
91	76	2.3%
102	72	2.2%
100	69	2.1%
106	69	2.1%
98	67	2.0%
94	66	2.0%
103	65	2.0%
95	64	1.9%
Other values (110)	2623	78.7%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
33	1	< 0.1%
36	1	< 0.1%
38	1	< 0.1%
42	2	0.1%
44	1	< 0.1%
46	1	< 0.1%
48	1	< 0.1%
49	2	0.1%
50	2	0.1%
51	2	0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
175	1	< 0.1%
166	1	< 0.1%
164	1	< 0.1%
158	1	< 0.1%
157	2	0.1%
156	2	0.1%
155	2	0.1%
154	2	0.1%
153	3	0.1%
152	3	0.1%

night_charge
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	933
Distinct (%)	28.0%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	9.039324932

Minimum	1.04
Maximum	17.77
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	26.2 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	1.04
5-th percentile	5.316
Q1	7.52
median	9.05
Q3	10.59
95-th percentile	12.73
Maximum	17.77
Range	16.73
Interquartile range (IQR)	3.07

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	2.275872838
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.2517746463
Kurtosis	0.08566317984
Mean	9.039324932
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	1.54
Skewness	0.008886236769
Sum	30128.07
Variance	5.179597173
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
9.66	15	0.5%
9.45	15	0.5%
8.47	14	0.4%
8.88	14	0.4%
7.69	13	0.4%
8.64	12	0.4%
10.8	11	0.3%
10.49	11	0.3%
10.35	11	0.3%
8.57	11	0.3%
Other values (923)	3206	96.2%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1.04	1	< 0.1%
1.97	1	< 0.1%
2.03	1	< 0.1%
2.13	1	< 0.1%
2.25	2	0.1%
2.4	1	< 0.1%
2.43	1	< 0.1%
2.45	1	< 0.1%
2.55	1	< 0.1%
2.59	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
17.77	1	< 0.1%
17.19	1	< 0.1%
16.99	1	< 0.1%
16.55	1	< 0.1%
16.42	1	< 0.1%
16.39	1	< 0.1%
15.97	1	< 0.1%
15.86	1	< 0.1%
15.85	1	< 0.1%
15.76	1	< 0.1%

international_calls
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	21
Distinct (%)	0.6%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	4.479447945

Minimum	0
Maximum	20
Zeros	18
Zeros (%)	0.5%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	26.2 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	1
Q1	3
median	4
Q3	6
95-th percentile	9
Maximum	20
Range	20
Interquartile range (IQR)	3

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	2.461214271
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.5494458917
Kurtosis	3.083588982
Mean	4.479447945
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	1
Skewness	1.321478166
Sum	14930
Variance	6.057575686
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=21)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
3	668	20.0%
4	619	18.6%
2	489	14.7%
5	472	14.2%
6	336	10.1%
7	218	6.5%
1	160	4.8%
8	116	3.5%
9	109	3.3%
10	50	1.5%
Other values (11)	96	2.9%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	18	0.5%
1	160	4.8%
2	489	14.7%
3	668	20.0%
4	619	18.6%
5	472	14.2%
6	336	10.1%
7	218	6.5%
8	116	3.5%
9	109	3.3%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
20	1	< 0.1%
19	1	< 0.1%
18	3	0.1%
17	1	< 0.1%
16	2	0.1%
15	7	0.2%
14	6	0.2%
13	14	0.4%
12	15	0.5%
11	28	0.8%

international_charge
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	162
Distinct (%)	4.9%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	2.764581458

Minimum	0
Maximum	5.4
Zeros	18
Zeros (%)	0.5%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	26.2 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	1.54
Q1	2.3
median	2.78
Q3	3.27
95-th percentile	3.97
Maximum	5.4
Range	5.4
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.97

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.7537726127
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.2726534284
Kurtosis	0.6096104298
Mean	2.764581458
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.48
Skewness	-0.2452865083
Sum	9214.35
Variance	0.5681731516
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2.7	62	1.9%
3.05	59	1.8%
2.65	56	1.7%
2.94	56	1.7%
2.73	53	1.6%
2.86	53	1.6%
2.75	53	1.6%
2.97	52	1.6%
3	52	1.6%
2.62	51	1.5%
Other values (152)	2786	83.6%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	18	0.5%
0.3	1	< 0.1%
0.35	1	< 0.1%
0.54	2	0.1%
0.57	2	0.1%
0.59	1	< 0.1%
0.65	1	< 0.1%
0.68	1	< 0.1%
0.7	1	< 0.1%
0.73	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
5.4	1	< 0.1%
5.1	1	< 0.1%
4.97	1	< 0.1%
4.94	1	< 0.1%
4.91	2	0.1%
4.86	3	0.1%
4.83	1	< 0.1%
4.81	2	0.1%
4.75	2	0.1%
4.73	3	0.1%

total_charge
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	2227
Distinct (%)	66.8%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%
Mean	59.44975398

Minimum	22.93
Maximum	96.15
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Negative	0
Negative (%)	0.0%
Memory size	26.2 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	22.93
5-th percentile	42.338
Q1	52.38
median	59.47
Q3	66.48
95-th percentile	76.516
Maximum	96.15
Range	73.22
Interquartile range (IQR)	14.1

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	10.50226075
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.1766577664
Kurtosis	0.04789313179
Mean	59.44975398
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	7.03
Skewness	-0.03479132737
Sum	198146.03
Variance	110.2974809
Monotonicity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
55.05	6	0.2%
63.56	5	0.2%
52.98	5	0.2%
64.88	5	0.2%
58.31	5	0.2%
63.43	5	0.2%
58.03	5	0.2%
52.5	5	0.2%
67.25	5	0.2%
65.25	5	0.2%
Other values (2217)	3282	98.5%

Minimum 10 values
Maximum 10 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
22.93	1	< 0.1%
23.25	1	< 0.1%
25.52	1	< 0.1%
25.87	1	< 0.1%
27.02	1	< 0.1%
27.08	1	< 0.1%
27.54	1	< 0.1%
27.77	1	< 0.1%
28.73	1	< 0.1%
30.04	1	< 0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
96.15	1	< 0.1%
92.29	1	< 0.1%
92.2	1	< 0.1%
90.46	1	< 0.1%
90.12	1	< 0.1%
89.76	1	< 0.1%
89.31	1	< 0.1%
88.97	1	< 0.1%
88.66	1	< 0.1%
88.39	1	< 0.1%

churn
Categorical

HIGH CORRELATION

Distinct	2
Distinct (%)	0.1%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	26.2 KiB

0	2850
1	483

Length

Max length	1
Median length	1
Mean length	1
Min length	1

Characters and Unicode

Total characters	3333
Distinct characters	2
Distinct categories	1 ?
Distinct scripts	1 ?
Distinct blocks	1 ?

The Unicode Standard assigns character properties to each code point, which can be used to analyse textual variables.

Unique

Unique	0 ?
Unique (%)	0.0%

Sample

1st row	0
2nd row	0
3rd row	0
4th row	0
5th row	0

Common Values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	2850	85.5%
1	483	14.5%

Length

Histogram of lengths of the category

Category Frequency Plot

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	2850	85.5%
1	483	14.5%

Most occurring characters

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	2850	85.5%
1	483	14.5%

Most occurring categories

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Decimal Number	3333	100.0%

Most frequent character per category

Decimal Number

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	2850	85.5%
1	483	14.5%

Most occurring scripts

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
Common	3333	100.0%

Most frequent character per script

Common

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	2850	85.5%
1	483	14.5%

Most occurring blocks

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
ASCII	3333	100.0%

Most frequent character per block

ASCII

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	2850	85.5%
1	483	14.5%

Auto

The auto setting is an easily interpretable pairwise column metric of the following mapping: vartype-vartype : method, categorical-categorical : Cramer's V, numerical-categorical : Cramer's V (using a discretized numerical column), numerical-numerical : Spearman's ρ. This configuration uses the best suitable for each pair of columns.

Spearman's ρ

The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (ρ) is a measure of monotonic correlation between two variables, and is therefore better in catching nonlinear monotonic correlations than Pearson's r. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative monotonic correlation, 0 indicating no monotonic correlation and 1 indicating total positive monotonic correlation.

To calculate ρ for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of the rank variables of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.

Pearson's r

The Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) is a measure of linear correlation between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative linear correlation, 0 indicating no linear correlation and 1 indicating total positive linear correlation. Furthermore, r is invariant under separate changes in location and scale of the two variables, implying that for a linear function the angle to the x-axis does not affect r.

To calculate r for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.

Kendall's τ

Similarly to Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, the Kendall rank correlation coefficient (τ) measures ordinal association between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative correlation, 0 indicating no correlation and 1 indicating total positive correlation.

To calculate τ for two variables X and Y, one determines the number of concordant and discordant pairs of observations. τ is given by the number of concordant pairs minus the discordant pairs divided by the total number of pairs.

Cramér's V (φc)

Cramér's V is an association measure for nominal random variables. The coefficient ranges from 0 to 1, with 0 indicating independence and 1 indicating perfect association. The empirical estimators used for Cramér's V have been proved to be biased, even for large samples. We use a bias-corrected measure that has been proposed by Bergsma in 2013 that can be found here.

Phik (φk)

Phik (φk) is a new and practical correlation coefficient that works consistently between categorical, ordinal and interval variables, captures non-linear dependency and reverts to the Pearson correlation coefficient in case of a bivariate normal input distribution. There is extensive documentation available here.

Count
Matrix

A simple visualization of nullity by column.

Nullity matrix is a data-dense display which lets you quickly visually pick out patterns in data completion.

First rows

	account_length	voice_mail_messages	customer_service_calls	international_plan	day_calls	day_charge	evening_calls	evening_charge	night_calls	night_charge	international_calls	international_charge	total_charge
0	128	25	1	0	110	45.07	99	16.78	91	11.01	3	2.70	75.56
1	107	26	1	0	123	27.47	103	16.62	103	11.45	3	3.70	59.24
2	137	0	0	0	114	41.38	110	10.30	104	7.32	5	3.29	62.29
3	84	0	2	1	71	50.90	88	5.26	89	8.86	7	1.78	66.80
4	75	0	3	1	113	28.34	122	12.61	121	8.41	3	2.73	52.09
5	118	0	0	1	98	37.98	101	18.75	118	9.18	6	1.70	67.61
6	121	24	3	0	88	37.09	108	29.62	118	9.57	7	2.03	78.31
7	147	0	0	1	79	26.69	94	8.76	96	9.53	6	1.92	46.90
8	117	0	1	0	97	31.37	80	29.89	90	9.71	4	2.35	73.32
9	141	37	0	1	84	43.96	111	18.87	97	14.69	5	3.02	80.54

Last rows

	account_length	voice_mail_messages	customer_service_calls	international_plan	day_calls	day_charge	evening_calls	evening_charge	night_calls	night_charge	international_calls	international_charge	total_charge	churn
3323	117	0	5	0	126	20.13	97	21.19	56	10.22	3	3.67	55.21	1
3324	159	0	1	0	114	28.87	105	16.80	82	8.72	4	3.13	57.52	0
3325	78	0	2	0	99	32.88	88	9.94	109	10.95	4	2.51	56.28	0
3326	96	0	1	0	128	18.12	87	24.21	92	8.05	7	4.02	54.40	0
3327	79	0	2	0	98	22.90	68	16.12	128	9.96	5	3.19	52.17	0
3328	192	36	2	0	77	26.55	126	18.32	83	12.56	6	2.67	60.10	0
3329	68	0	3	0	57	39.29	55	13.04	123	8.61	4	2.59	63.53	0
3330	28	0	2	0	109	30.74	58	24.55	91	8.64	6	3.81	67.74	0
3331	184	0	2	1	105	36.35	84	13.57	137	6.26	10	1.35	57.53	0
3332	74	25	0	0	113	39.85	82	22.60	77	10.86	4	3.70	77.01	0

Overview

Variables

Common Values

Length

Category Frequency Plot

Most occurring characters

Most occurring categories

Most frequent character per category

Decimal Number

Most occurring scripts

Most frequent character per script

Common

Most occurring blocks

Most frequent character per block

ASCII

Common Values

Length

Category Frequency Plot

Most occurring characters

Most occurring categories

Most frequent character per category

Decimal Number

Most occurring scripts

Most frequent character per script

Common

Most occurring blocks

Most frequent character per block

ASCII

Interactions

Correlations

Auto

Spearman's ρ

Pearson's r

Kendall's τ

Cramér's V (φc)

Phik (φk)

Missing values

Sample

First rows

Last rows